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League of Nations --- Reconstruction --- World War

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In 1921 Austria became the first interwar European country to experience hyperinflation. The League of Nations, among other actors, stepped in to help reconstruct the economy, but a decade later Austria’s largest bank, Credit-Anstalt, collapsed. Historians have correlated these events with the banking and currency crisis that destabilized interwar Europe―a narrative that relies on the claim that Austria and the global monetary system were the victims of financial interlopers. In this corrective history, Nathan Marcus deemphasizes the destructive role of external players in Austria’s reconstruction and points to the greater impact of domestic malfeasance and predatory speculation on the nation’s financial and political decline.Consulting sources ranging from diplomatic dossiers to bank statements and financial analyses, Marcus shows how the League of Nations’ efforts to curb Austrian hyperinflation in 1922 were politically constrained. The League left Austria in 1926 but foreign interests intervened in 1931 to contain the fallout from the Credit-Anstalt collapse. Not until later, when problems in the German and British economies became acute, did Austrians and speculators exploit the country’s currency and compromise its value. Although some statesmen and historians have pinned Austria’s―and the world’s―economic implosion on financial colonialism, Marcus’s research offers a more accurate appraisal of early multilateral financial supervision and intervention.Illuminating new facets of the interwar political economy, Austrian Reconstruction and the Collapse of Global Finance reckons with the true consequences of international involvement in the Austrian economy during a key decade of renewal and crisis.

331.00 --- 331.156 --- Economische bewegingen: algemeenheden --- Geldwezen van 1914 tot 1945 --- Financial crises --- Gold standard --- History. --- League of Nations. --- Austria --- Economic conditions --- History --- Politics and government --- League of Nations --- Financial crises - Austria - History --- Gold standard - History --- Austria - Economic conditions - 1918-1945 --- Austria - History - 1918-1938 --- Austria - Politics and government - 1918-1938

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Neoliberals hate the state. Or do they? In the first intellectual history of neoliberal globalism, Quinn Slobodian follows a group of thinkers from the ashes of the Habsburg Empire to the creation of the World Trade Organization to show that neoliberalism emerged less to shrink government and abolish regulations than to redeploy them at a global level.Slobodian begins in Austria in the 1920s. Empires were dissolving and nationalism, socialism, and democratic self-determination threatened the stability of the global capitalist system. In response, Austrian intellectuals called for a new way of organizing the world. But they and their successors in academia and government, from such famous economists as Friedrich Hayek and Ludwig von Mises to influential but lesser-known figures such as Wilhelm Röpke and Michael Heilperin, did not propose a regime of laissez-faire. Rather they used states and global institutions--the League of Nations, the European Court of Justice, the World Trade Organization, and international investment law--to insulate the markets against sovereign states, political change, and turbulent democratic demands for greater equality and social justice.Far from discarding the regulatory state, neoliberals wanted to harness it to their grand project of protecting capitalism on a global scale. It was a project, Slobodian shows, that changed the world, but that was also undermined time and again by the inequality, relentless change, and social injustice that accompanied it.

Globalization --- Neoliberalism --- Capitalism --- History --- European Economic Community. --- Friedrich Hayek. --- GATT. --- General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade. --- Gottfried Haberler. --- League of Nations. --- Lionel Robbins. --- Ludwig von Mises. --- Michael Heilperin. --- Mont Pelerin Society. --- WTO. --- Wilhelm Ropke. --- World Trade Organization. --- ordoliberalism.

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Trade regulation --- Financial institutions --- International cooperation --- Law and legislation --- League of Nations --- International cooperation. --- Law and legislation. --- League of Nations. --- AA / International- internationaal --- 341.15 --- 327.7 --- 334.10 --- Organisatie van de Verenigde Naties. --- Internationale politieke organisaties (VN). --- Algemene economie : algemeenheden. --- Regulation of trade --- Regulatory reform --- Commercial law --- Consumer protection --- Deregulation --- Internationale politieke organisaties (VN) --- Algemene economie : algemeenheden --- Organisatie van de Verenigde Naties --- International finance --- History --- 20th century --- 1900-1945 --- Europe --- Economic policy --- Trade regulation - International cooperation --- Financial institutions - Law and legislation --- Société des Nations. Organisation économique et financière --- Finances internationales --- Coopération internationale --- Politique économique

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Italo-Ethiopian War, 1935-1936 --- Neutrality --- -Neutralism --- International relations --- Buffer states --- Intervention (International law) --- Isolationism --- Nonalignment --- Prize law --- Region of war --- Unneutral service --- War, Maritime (International law) --- War (International law) --- Ethiopian-Italian War, 1935-1936 --- Law and legislation --- League of Nations. --- Kukche Yŏnmaeng --- Völkerbund --- Liga Narodów --- Spoločnostʹ národov --- Liga Nat︠s︡iĭ --- Kokusai Renmei --- S.d.N. --- Société des Nations --- Liga de las Naciones --- Folkenes forbund --- Kansainliito --- Nemzetek Szövetsége --- Kuo chi lien ho hui --- Kuo lien --- Azgeri Liga --- Società delle Nazioni --- SdN --- Societatea Națiunilor --- Lega delle Nazioni --- Sociedade das Nações --- Sociedad de las Naciones --- Sociedad de Naciones --- Volkenbond --- Koinōnia tōn Ethnōn --- 国際連盟 --- Ligo de Nacioj --- Volkebond --- Rahvasteliit --- Sweden --- Foreign relations --- -Italo-Ethiopian War, 1935-1936. --- -League of Nations. --- -Italo-Ethiopian War, 1935-1936 --- Italo-Ethiopian War, 1935-1936. --- Líga Národů